Betrothal 过大礼

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The Betrothal
First both sets of parents exchanged family credentials as tokens of intention. Then, after extensive bargaining, the two families would arrive at the amount of money and goods that would make up the gift to the girl’s family. After presenting engagement tokens, the go-between would ask the bride’s family to chose among severalauspicious wedding dates suggested by the boy’s family and also set a date for presenting betrothal gifts.

The boy’s family presented betrothal gifts of money and significant items such as tea, "Dragon (male) and Phoenix (female)" bridal cakes, pairs of male and female poultry, sweetmeats and sugar, wine and tobacco, accompanied by an itemized statement of these gifts. Tea was such a primary part of these gifts in some areas that they were known collectively as cha-li, that is, "tea presents." The girl’s family reciprocated with gifts of food and clothing.

It was customary for the girl’s family to distribute the bridal cakes they received from the boy’s family to friends and relatives as a form of announcement and invitation to the wedding feast. The number of cakes given to each was established according to a rigid etiquette, on the basis of seniority and degree of intimacy. Those who received the bridal cakes, were expected to present congratulatory gifts to the girl’s parents.

The boy’s family’s gifts acknowledged the parents’ efforts in raising the girl, and by accepting the gifts, the girl’s family pledged her to the boy’s. It is interesting to note that the bride was given to the family rather than the groom alone. Although the bride and groom probably had not met yet, betrothal was considered binding unless both families agreed to annul the contract.

Several days after the presentation of the betrothal gifts, the girl’s family sent porters with an inventoried dowry to the boy’s house. The dowry consisted of practical items, including a chamber pot, filled for the occasion with fruit and strings of coins. This procession gave the girl’s family the opportunity to display both their social status and their love for their daughter, and wealthy parents often included serving girls to attend their daughter in her new home.

Betrothals generally lasted for a year or two, although child betrothals would last until the children had grown to marriageable age.


過大禮程序
過大禮舊稱納徵,是三書六禮中保留下來較完整,同時也較受重視的傳統禮節。一般在大婚前一個月至兩週進行。男家擇定良辰吉日邀請一至兩位女性親戚(她們必須是全福人,即是既有丈夫、兒女、而公婆、父母皆在更佳),帶備禮金及禮品送到女方家中。

為取成雙成對的意思,過大禮的物品多為偶數,分別盛載於五個中式禮盒中,帖和餅另放一盒,組成六個禮盒。男家聘禮送到後,女性親戚會打開禮盒,邊說吉祥話並將禮品送呈女家,女方收到大禮後需要回禮,之後大家互相祝賀道喜,過大禮的儀式便算完成